İzmir vs Phnom Penh

İzmir and Phnom Penh are level on the TRAIL Index at 61. İzmir grades better on 7 measures, Phnom Penh on 7; the same 37 measures from public sources for both.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• TRAIL Index: İzmir 61, Phnom Penh 61
• OECD: İzmir 60, Phnom Penh 55
• UN Tourism: İzmir 72, Phnom Penh 62
• UNDRR: İzmir 50, Phnom Penh 43

Theme by theme

• Demand and seasonality: İzmir 45, Phnom Penh 83
• Economy and jobs: İzmir 75, Phnom Penh 42
• Climate and hazards: İzmir 25, Phnom Penh 20
• Water and environment: İzmir 75, Phnom Penh 50
• Community and housing: İzmir 100, Phnom Penh 88
• Access and continuity: İzmir 63, Phnom Penh 54

Where İzmir is stronger

• Income per head: 45,288 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (World Bank WDI, 2025). Between 45,000 and 60,000: grade 3/4.
• Tropical nights: 97.4 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Between 60 and 100: grade 1/4.
• Wastewater safely treated: 98.6 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (metro figure) (İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi / TÜİK (Belediye Atıksu Arıtma Tesisleri İstatistikleri), 2021). At or above 95: grade 4/4.
• Tourism intensity: 1.9 visitor nights per resident per year (region figure) (Türkiye Turizm Veri Atlası & TÜİK (T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı konaklama verileri ve ADNKS), 2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Early warning and emergency plan: An updated city plan with public early warning for heat, flood or fire (T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı AFAD & İzmir Valiliği, İzmir İl Afet Risk Azaltma Planı (İRAP), 2022–2025). Grade 3/4.
• Government effectiveness: 47.2 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Between 40 and 60: grade 2/4.
• Dedicated tourism funding: A dedicated source such as a tourist tax or levy (Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Treasury and Finance & Revenue Administration, 2023–2026). Grade 2/4.

Where Phnom Penh is stronger

• Nights in the three busiest months: 31.9 % of annual nights (country figure) (Ministry of Tourism, Cambodia / NagaCorp Tourism Statistics Report, 2025). Between 30 and 35: grade 3/4.
• Average length of stay: 7.6 nights per visitor (country figure) (Ministry of Tourism of Cambodia, Tourism Statistics Report 2023, 2023). At or above 3.5: grade 4/4.
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 77.8 % average annual occupancy (country figure) (Cambodia Ministry of Tourism, Cambodia Tourism Statistics Report 2024, 2024). At or above 75: grade 4/4.
• Unemployment rate: 3 % of the labour force (country figure) (National Institute of Statistics (NIS), Ministry of Planning - Cambodia Labour Force Survey (CLFS) 2025, 2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Water scarcity: very low (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 4/4.
• Municipal waste per resident: 266.5 kg per resident per year (Waste Summit Cambodia / Phnom Penh Capital Administration (PPCA), 2024). At or below 350: grade 4/4.
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: A plan with named owners, operators and recovery funding (Ministry of Tourism, Cambodia, 2021–2025). Grade 3/4.

Country context (World Economic Forum)

• Turkey: #36 of 110 in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026

İzmir in full · Phnom Penh in full

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