Jakarta vs Surabaya

Jakarta leads Surabaya by 7 points on the TRAIL Index, 58 to 51. Jakarta grades better on 3 measures, Surabaya on 2; the same 37 measures from public sources for both.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• TRAIL Index: Jakarta 58, Surabaya 51
• OECD: Jakarta 53, Surabaya 51
• UN Tourism: Jakarta 56, Surabaya 61
• UNDRR: Jakarta 46, Surabaya 46

Theme by theme

• Demand and seasonality: Jakarta 63, Surabaya 55
• Economy and jobs: Jakarta 50, Surabaya 75
• Climate and hazards: Jakarta 45, Surabaya 30
• Water and environment: Jakarta 38, Surabaya 50
• Community and housing: Jakarta 100, Surabaya –
• Access and continuity: Jakarta 58, Surabaya 58

Where Jakarta is stronger

• Largest foreign market: 18.1 % of international arrivals or nights (Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Provinsi DKI Jakarta via Kompas.id, 'Kunjungan Turis Asing Naik, Sektor Pariwisata Jakarta Diprediksi Tetap Kuat', November 2023). Between 15 and 20: grade 3/4.
• Extreme heat days: 0.6 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Wildfire and storm hazard: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4.

Where Surabaya is stronger

• Unemployment rate: 4.9 % of the labour force (BPS Kota Surabaya / Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, 2024). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Green space: 22 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (Pemerintah Kota Surabaya (Official City Government Portal), 2022). Between 20 and 30: grade 2/4.

Country context (World Economic Forum)

• Indonesia: #23 of 110 in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026
• Indonesia: #23 of 110 in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026

Jakarta in full · Surabaya in full

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